ايمنی و بهداشت حرفه ای

Teimour Allahyari1, Gebraeil Nasl Saraji1*,Javad Adl1,
Mostafa Hosseini2, Masood Younesiam3 ,Mahmood Iravani4

Abstract:

This study investigated the relationship between Useful Field Of View (UFOV) and simulator-driving performance measures. Ninety professional drivers, aged 22-65 years from several government organizations voluntarily participated at this study. UFOV was measured by a computerized task was developed at the present study. The participants then performed a driving simulator task and experienced a scenario that could lead to an accident. Reaction time and speed were measured and recorded by simulator and general driving performance and collision events were recorded by examiner. The reduction of UFOV based on subject’s error score on UFOV subtests between young and old group statistically was analyzed. Correlation analyses used to examine the relationship among the UFOV as an independent variable and driving performance measures as a dependent variables. A univariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the extent to which reduction of UFOV predicts risk of accident in simulated car driving. There was a significant and negative correlation between UFOV and simulator performance, on the divided peripheral subtest (Correlation Coefficient = -.28). Student’s t-tests revealed significant differences in peripheral scores of UFOV subtests between accident involved and non-involved groups. The result of logistic regression indicated that 40% reduction of UFOV, regardless of age, increased risk of accident involvement. UFOV could be used to predict driving performance and risk of accident. The obtained result can help to identify high risk drivers which is useful to licensing authorities.
Keywords: UFOV, driving simulator, driving performance, BRT

Teimour Allahyari,Gebraeil Nasl Saraji, Javad Adl, Mostafa Hosseini, Mahmood Iravani, Masood Younesian and Steven J. Kass
Department of Psychology, University of West Florida, Pensacola City, USA

Introduction.
The impact of a driver’s cognitive capability on traffic safety has not been adequately studied.
This study examined the relationship between cognitive failures, driving errors and accident data.
Method. Professional drivers from Iran (160 males, ages 18–65) participated in this study. The cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ) and the driver error questionnaire were administered. The participants were also asked other questions about personal driving information. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to determine the factor structure of the CFQ. Poisson regression models were developed to predict driving errors and accidents from total CFQ scores and the extracted factors.
Results. Total CFQ scores were associated with driving error rates, but not with accidents. However, the 2 extracted factors suggested an increased effect on accidents and were strongly associated with driving errors.
Discussion. Although the CFQ was not able to predict driving accidents, it could be used to identify drivers susceptible to driving errors. Further development of a driving-oriented cognitive failure scale is recommended to help identify error prone drivers. Such a scale may be beneficial to licensing authorities or for developing driver selection and training procedures for organizations.
cognitive failure driving error driving accident taxi drivers self-report data

Ref: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 2008;14(2):149-58
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